Which type of waves have a high frequency and short wavelength?

The correct answer is ultraviolet waves, which are characterized by high frequency and short wavelength. In the electromagnetic spectrum, frequency and wavelength are inversely related; as one increases, the other decreases. Ultraviolet radiation falls between visible light and X-rays on the spectrum and has higher energy due to its greater frequency compared to visible light and infrared waves.

While infrared waves have longer wavelengths and lower frequencies, and visible light waves occupy a middle range, ultraviolet waves have wavelengths shorter than that of visible light, making them more energetic. X-rays, on the other hand, possess even higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than ultraviolet waves, but ultraviolet waves are notable for their specific position and impact in applications like sterilization and skin protection from harmful rays. Thus, ultraviolet waves correctly fit the criteria of being high frequency and short wavelength.