Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

Electrons are subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom and carry a negative charge. Their role in chemical bonding is fundamental to the structure and behavior of matter. When atoms interact to form compounds, they do so by sharing or transferring electrons between them. This sharing or transfer of electrons is what creates bonds, such as covalent or ionic bonds, which are essential for the formation of molecules and larger structures. This ability to bond is what makes electrons vital in chemistry, as they determine the properties of substances and drive many chemical reactions.

In contrast, the other statements do not accurately reflect the nature of electrons: they are not found in the nucleus, which is composed of protons and neutrons; they do not carry a positive charge; and they definitely participate in chemical reactions rather than being inactive. Understanding that electrons are the key players in chemical bonding helps to clarify their importance in both chemistry and biology.