Which defense mechanism involves refusing to accept reality because it threatens the ego?

Denial is a defense mechanism where an individual refuses to accept or acknowledge reality, especially when it poses a threat to the ego. This mechanism serves to protect the person from experiencing the anxiety or discomfort that their reality may bring. When someone is confronted with uncomfortable truths or situations, denial allows them to maintain a sense of control and comfort by rejecting those realities.

For instance, a person who has received a serious medical diagnosis may refuse to accept the doctor’s advice, insisting that they feel fine and see no need for treatment. This refusal to acknowledge the diagnosis helps them avoid the emotional turmoil associated with the implications of their condition.

Understanding denial is crucial in contexts like healthcare, counseling, and psychotherapy, as it can significantly affect an individual's willingness to engage with necessary changes or interventions in their lives.