Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of dust in the lungs due to exposure to coal dust?

The condition characterized by the accumulation of dust in the lungs due to exposure to coal dust is called anthracosis. This specific type of pneumoconiosis occurs when individuals inhale coal dust over a prolonged period, leading to a collection of black pigment in the lung tissue. Anthracosis is often associated with coal miners and can result in symptoms such as coughing and breathlessness as the accumulated dust interferes with lung function.

In contrast, asbestosis is related to asbestos exposure, leading to scarring of lung tissue. Silicosis arises from inhaling silica dust, primarily found in mining and construction. Chronic bronchitis, while it involves long-term lung inflammation and mucus production, is not caused specifically by dust accumulation but is more commonly related to smoking or prolonged exposure to irritants, typically involving airway obstruction rather than the direct impact of coal dust.