What term describes a reduction in size of a structure?

The term that describes a reduction in size of a structure is hypoplasia. Hypoplasia refers specifically to an underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ, resulting in it being smaller than normal. This condition can occur in various body organs and can be due to a variety of factors, including genetic influences, environmental factors, or a lack of necessary nutrients during development.

In contrast, hypertrophy refers to an increase in the size of an organ or tissue through the enlargement of its cells, typically in response to increased workload or stimulation. Hyperplasia involves an increase in the number of cells, leading to an enlargement of the tissue or organ as well, often as a response to hormonal stimulation. Aplasia denotes a complete failure of an organ or tissue to develop, resulting in its absence rather than a reduction in size. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for clinical assessments and diagnosis in the field of mortuary science and related health professions.