What is known as descriptive references for locating arteries and veins based on anatomical structures?

The correct answer, anatomical guide, refers to the technique used in anatomical terminology to provide descriptive references for locating arteries and veins based on surrounding anatomical structures. This method utilizes landmarks in the body to indicate the position of blood vessels, facilitating procedures such as embalming or surgical interventions where precise knowledge of the vascular system is necessary.

An anatomical guide typically identifies specific points or structures that can help a practitioner trace the course of a vessel. For example, practitioners may use nearby bones, muscles, or organs as reference points to find and access arteries or veins. This is particularly useful in mortuary science, where accuracy in locating these vessels is crucial for effective embalming and other related practices.

Other options like anatomical limits refer more to the boundaries of arterial distribution rather than guiding their precise locations, physiological markers relate more to biological signals or changes, and topographical maps do not specifically address anatomical structures' relationships as they pertain to the vascular system.