What ethical approach is characterized by a focus on the outcomes of actions?

The ethical approach characterized by a focus on the outcomes of actions is known as consequentialism. This framework evaluates the morality of an action based on the results it produces, emphasizing that the ends can justify the means. In a consequentialist view, an action is considered right or wrong depending on its consequences—if an action leads to good outcomes, it is deemed ethical, while actions resulting in negative outcomes would be viewed as unethical.

A common form of consequentialism is utilitarianism, which seeks to maximize overall happiness and minimize suffering. This focus on outcomes allows for a flexible approach to ethical decision-making, as it permits various actions as long as they lead to favorable results.

Contrasting approaches like deontological ethics prioritize adherence to rules or duties over the effects of actions. Virtue ethics centers around the character of the individual rather than the consequences of specific actions. Teleological ethics, while related to consequentialism due to its focus on the purpose or goals of actions, does not strictly emphasize outcomes as the sole criterion for morality. This makes consequentialism the most accurate choice when discussing an ethical approach focused explicitly on outcomes.