What does a living will specify for individuals who become incapacitated?

A living will is a crucial legal document that specifically outlines an individual's health care preferences in the event that they become incapacitated and are unable to communicate their wishes regarding medical treatment. This document typically addresses scenarios such as the desire for life-sustaining treatments, preferences for palliative care, and the use of advanced medical procedures.

In contrast, while distribution of assets pertains to how one's property and finances are managed after death, funeral arrangements focus on the decisions regarding one’s funeral and burial practices, which are often detailed in other documents such as a last will and testament or a separate funeral directive. Legal representation, though important, relates to appointing someone to make decisions on behalf of an individual for legal matters, not specifically health care decisions. Thus, the living will's primary role is to communicate health care preferences, making this the correct answer.