What are chemicals that inactivate saprophytic bacteria known as?

The term that refers to chemicals that inactivate saprophytic bacteria is "preservatives." Preservatives play a crucial role in the embalming process by preventing decomposition and controlling the growth of bacteria that cause decay. They work by altering the chemical environment, making it inhospitable for bacteria. This is essential in mortuary science, where the preservation of the body is necessary for funerary practices.

Disinfectants, while also effective in controlling bacterial growth, primarily focus on killing or inactivating pathogens on surfaces or living tissues rather than preserving the biological integrity of the body over time. Embalming agents, which include preservatives, may incorporate additional substances for other purposes but are not specifically defined as those that solely target saprophytic bacteria. Antioxidants are used to prevent the oxidative degradation of tissues but are not directly related to bacterial inactivation.

Thus, "preservatives" accurately describes the chemicals specifically used for inactivating saprophytic bacteria in embalming and body preservation.