How many tiny glands comprise the parathyroid?

The parathyroid glands consist of a total of four small glands located in the neck, near or attached to the back of the thyroid gland. These glands play a crucial role in the regulation of calcium levels in the blood and in the overall metabolism of bone. Each of the four parathyroid glands releases parathyroid hormone (PTH), which helps control calcium and phosphate balance by promoting the release of calcium from bones, increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, and promoting kidney reabsorption of calcium.

The reason four is the correct answer is based on standard anatomical knowledge and textbooks, which consistently indicate that typically there are four parathyroid glands present in most individuals, although variations can occur. Understanding the standard count of these glands is important for recognizing their function and significance in the endocrine system.